The World Trade Organization (WTO) is a global organization promoting free and fair trade among its member countries. It was established in 1995, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The WTO regulates international trade through a set of agreements that its members must adhere to. These agreements cover various aspects of trade, such as tariff reductions, intellectual property, and dispute settlement. However, not all agreements fall under the WTO`s jurisdiction. In this article, we will discuss which of these is not an agreement under the WTO.

Before we begin, it`s important to note that the WTO operates on the principle of consensus among its members. This means that any agreement must be agreed upon by all members before it can be implemented. Additionally, each member country has one vote, which means that larger economies do not have more power than smaller ones.

Now, let`s move on to the question at hand: which of these is not an agreement under the WTO? To answer this question, we need to look at the agreements that do fall under the WTO`s jurisdiction. These include:

1. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT): This agreement covers the reduction of tariffs on goods traded between member countries. It also prohibits the use of certain trade practices, such as export subsidies and discriminatory import quotas.

2. Agreement on Agriculture (AoA): This agreement aims to reform the agricultural sector by reducing subsidies and increasing market access for agricultural products.

3. Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS): This agreement sets out the minimum standards for intellectual property protection and enforcement, such as patents and trademarks.

4. Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement): This agreement aims to protect human, animal, and plant health by regulating trade in food and agricultural products.

Given these agreements, we can conclude that the answer to our question is: None of the above. All of the agreements listed are under the WTO`s jurisdiction. However, there are other agreements that do not fall under the WTO`s purview, such as regional trade agreements (RTAs) and bilateral investment treaties (BITs). RTAs are agreements between two or more countries in a specific region, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. BITs are agreements between two countries that aim to promote foreign investment by protecting the rights of investors.

In conclusion, the WTO has a set of agreements that regulate international trade among its members. These agreements cover a wide range of issues, such as tariffs, intellectual property, and health regulations. While there are other agreements that do not fall under the WTO`s jurisdiction, all of the agreements listed in this article are indeed within the WTO`s purview.